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Abstract Objective: to evaluate the effect of nursing home care interventions on the quality of life in family caregivers of aged stroke survivors. Method: a Randomized Clinical Trial, blinded for outcome evaluation. Forty-eighty family caregivers of aged stroke survivors participated in the study. The Intervention Group received three home visits by nurses one month after hospital discharge to provide stroke-related education (i.e., how to access health services and perform care activities) and emotional support. The Control Group received the usual guidance from the health services. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument and the Old Module(WHOQOL-OLD) 1 week, 2 months, and 1 year after discharge. Results: the caregivers were mainly women, children, or spouses. The caregivers in the Intervention Group and Control Group did not significantly differ in terms of their Overall Quality of Life at baseline. There was no interaction effect between group allocation and Overall Quality of Life(p=0.625) over time. However, there was an interaction effect for Social Relations(p=0.019) and Autonomy (p=0.004). Conclusion: the intervention exerted a statistically significant effect on the quality of life of family caregivers with respect to social relationships and autonomy. Trial registration: NCT02807012.
Resumo Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de intervenção educativa domiciliar de enfermagem na qualidade de vida de cuidadores familiares de idosos sobreviventes de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). Método: Ensaio Clínico Randomizado, cego para avaliação de resultados. Quarenta e oito cuidadores familiares de idosos sobreviventes de AVC participaram do estudo. O Grupo de Intervenção recebeu três visitas domiciliares de enfermeiros, um mês após a alta hospitalar, para fornecer educação relacionada ao AVC (como acessar os serviços de saúde e realizar atividades de cuidado) e apoio emocional. O Grupo Controle recebeu as orientações habituais dos serviços de saúde. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada usando o instrumento Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-BREF) e o Módulo Old (WHOQOL-OLD) em 1 semana, 2 meses e 1 ano após a alta. Resultados: os cuidadores eram principalmente mulheres, filhos ou cônjuges. Os cuidadores do Grupo Intervenção e do Grupo Controle não diferiram significativamente em termos de Qualidade de Vida Geral no início do estudo. Não houve efeito de interação entre a alocação do grupo e a Qualidade de Vida Geral (p=0,625) ao longo do tempo. No entanto, houve efeito de interação para Relações Sociais (p=0,019) e Autonomia (p=0,004). Conclusão: a intervenção apresentou efeito estatisticamente significativo na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores familiares no que diz respeito às relações sociais e autonomia. Registro do ensaio clínico: NCT02807012.
Resumen Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de intervenciones de atención domiciliaria de enfermería sobre la calidad de vida en cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores sobrevivientes de accidentes cerebrovasculares. Método: Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado, cegado para la evaluación de los desenlaces. Los participantes del estudio fueron 48cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores sobrevivientes de accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV). El Grupo Intervención recibió tres visitas domiciliarias a cargo de enfermeros un mes después del alta hospitalaria, en las que se les ofreció instrucción relacionada con ACV (es decir, cómo acceder a los servicios de salud y realizar las actividades inherentes a los cuidados) y apoyo emocional. Al Grupo Control se le brindó la orientación habitual de los servicios de salud. La calidad de vida se evaluó mediante el instrumento World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) y el módulo Old(WHOQOL-OLD) 1semana, 2meses y 1año después del alta. Resultados: en su mayoría, los cuidadores fueron mujeres, hijos o cónyuges. Los cuidadores de los grupos Intervención y Control no presentaron diferencias significativas en términos de su Calidad de Vida general de base. La intervención no ejerció ningún efecto entre la asignación a los grupos y la Calidad de Vida general(p=0,625) con el transcurso del tiempo. Sin embargo, la intervención sí tuvo efecto sobre las Relaciones Sociales (p=0,019) y la Autonomía(p=0,004). Conclusión: la intervención ejerció un efecto estadísticamente significativo sobre la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares con respecto a las relaciones sociales y a la autonomía. Registro del ensayo: NCT02807012.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Qualidade de Vida , Cuidadores/psicologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Social isolation and loneliness affect the quality of life of people living with dementia, yet few interventions have been developed for this population. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of 'Connecting Today', a remote visiting program designed for use with care home residents living with dementia. METHODS: This was a feasibility study to assess whether Connecting Today can be delivered in care homes, and was acceptable to family and friends and people living with dementia. We used a single-group before/after design and included residents ≥ 65 years old with a dementia diagnosis from two care homes in Alberta, Canada. Connecting Today involved up to 60 min per week of facilitated remote visits for 6 weeks. To understand feasibility, we assessed rates and reasons for non-enrollment, withdrawal and missing data. We assessed acceptability with the Observed Emotion Rating Scale (residents) and a Treatment Perception and Preferences Questionnaire (family and friends). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Of 122 eligible residents, 19.7% (n = 24) enrolled (mean age = 87.9 years, 70.8% females). Three residents withdrew from the study before the first week of calls. Among 21 remaining residents, 62%-90% completed at least 1 call each week. All the calls were completed by videoconference, rather than by phone. Alertness and pleasure were observed for ≥92% of residents during calls. The 24 contacts rated Connecting Today as logical, effective and low risk. CONCLUSIONS: Facilitated, remote visits are feasible and highly acceptable to residents and their family and friend contacts. Connecting Today shows promise to address social isolation and loneliness for people living with moderate to severe dementia because it can promote positive engagement in meaningful interactions with their family and friends while they are living in a care home. Future studies will test effectiveness of Connecting Today in a large sample.
Assuntos
Demência , Assistência de Longa Duração , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Idoso , Masculino , Casas de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Demência/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effect of nursing home care interventions on the quality of life in family caregivers of aged stroke survivors. METHOD: a Randomized Clinical Trial, blinded for outcome evaluation. Forty-eighty family caregivers of aged stroke survivors participated in the study. The Intervention Group received three home visits by nurses one month after hospital discharge to provide stroke-related education (i.e., how to access health services and perform care activities) and emotional support. The Control Group received the usual guidance from the health services. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument and the Old Module(WHOQOL-OLD) 1 week, 2 months, and 1 year after discharge. RESULTS: the caregivers were mainly women, children, or spouses. The caregivers in the Intervention Group and Control Group did not significantly differ in terms of their Overall Quality of Life at baseline. There was no interaction effect between group allocation and Overall Quality of Life(p=0.625) over time. However, there was an interaction effect for Social Relations(p=0.019) and Autonomy (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: the intervention exerted a statistically significant effect on the quality of life of family caregivers with respect to social relationships and autonomy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02807012.
Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Masculino , Cuidadores , Brasil , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , SobreviventesRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar idosos que recebem Atenção Domiciliar da Atenção Primária quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas, morbidades e acesso aos serviços de saúde por sexo e faixa etária. Método: estudo transversal analítico com 124 idosos da Atenção Domiciliar Tipo 1, realizado entre 2018 e 2019 através de visita domiciliar. Foi aplicado questionário sobre dados socioeconômicos, morbidades e acesso aos serviços. Utilizou-se os testes t-Student, Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 82,8 anos e predominou o sexo feminino. A maioria dos idosos mais velhos estudou de zero a quatro anos e era viúva. Dentre as morbidades, a hipertensão prevaleceu e a artrose apresentou associação significativa com o sexo feminino (p=0,004). Em relação ao acesso, as mulheres recebiam visita domiciliar com menor frequência (p=0,033). Conclusão: esses dados poderão subsidiar a implementação de intervenções, além de identificar possíveis melhorias nessa modalidade de atendimento.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar a las personas de edad avanzada que reciben Atención Domiciliaria provista por la Atención Primaria en relación con las variables sociodemográficas, las morbilidades y el acceso a los servicios de salud, por sexo y grupo etario. Método: estudio transversal y analítico con 124 personas de edad avanzada atendidos por la Atención Domiciliaria Tipo 1, realizado entre 2018 y 2019 a través de visitas domiciliarias. Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre datos socioeconómicos, morbilidades y acceso a los servicios de salud. Se utilizaron las pruebas t-Student, Mann-Whitney, chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher. Resultados: la media de edad fue de 82,8 años y hubo predominio del sexo femenino. La mayoría de las personas de edad más avanzada estudió entre cero y cuatro años y eran viudos/viudos. Entre las morbilidades, prevaleció la hipertensión y la artrosis presentó una asociación significativa con el sexo femenino (p=0,004). En relación con el acceso a los servicios de salud, las mujeres recibieron visitas domiciliarias con menor frecuencia (p=0,033). Conclusión: estos datos podrán sustentar la implementación de intervenciones, además de identificar posibles mejoras en esta modalidad de atención.
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the readiness assurance step of the Team-Based Learning through the performance of Nursing students in the Individual Readiness Assurance Test - iRAT and Team Readiness Assurance Test - tRAT. Method: descriptive study of quantitative nature. Twenty-six fifth semester students of a university of northern Brazil participated. Data collection took place in October and November 2018 with questionnaires applied in five units. The analysis was descriptive, by questionnaire, question, team and student. Results: the team performance was superior, but not in all units. There are issues where students individually and in teams presented difficulties, suggesting intervening variables of pedagogical origin. Conclusion: the analysis by performance of students suggests failures in the readiness assurance. The study contributes by indicating possible pedagogical variables that can influence the success of this step of the Team-Based Learning.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Portuguese instrument for informal caregivers' skills providing care of aged people after a stroke (ECPICID-AVC) evaluates the capacities that informal caregivers must have for supporting aged stroke survivors. The purpose was to adapt and validate the ECPICID-AVC to be used in Brazil. METHODS: A methodological study was conducted. RESULTS: The terms with the lowest degree of comprehension were adapted. The factor analysis suggested the exclusion of three items and that the remaining be grouped into six domains. The factor loadings varied from 0.525 to 0.924. The internal intra-assessor consistency was satisfactory (ICC = 0.94, CI 95%). Total reliability was considered excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.914). CONCLUSIONS: The ECPICID-AVC is considered appropriate for using in Brazil.
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BACKGROUND: Family caregivers of aged stroke survivors face challenging difficulties such as the lack of support and the knowledge and skills to practice home care. These aspects negatively influence the caregivers' burden and quality of life, the use of health services, and hospital readmissions of the stroke survivor. The aim of this research is to describe an educational intervention focused on family caregivers of stroke survivors for the development of home care in the south of Brazil. METHODS: A randomized clinical trial with 48 family caregivers of stroke survivors will be recruited and divided into two groups: 24 in the intervention group and 24 in the control group. The intervention will consist of the systematic follow-up by nurses who will perform three home visits over a period of 1 month. The control group will not receive the visits and will have the usual care guidelines of the health services. Primary outcomes: burden and quality of life of the caregiver. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: functional capacity and readmissions of the stroke survivors; the use of health services of the stroke survivors and their family caregivers. Outcomes will be measured 2 months after discharge. The project was approved in April 2016. DISCUSSION: This research offers information for conducting educational intervention with family caregivers of stroke survivors, presenting knowledge so that nurses can structure and plan the actions aimed at the education of the family caregiver. It is expected that the educational intervention will contribute to reducing caregiver burden and improving their quality of life, as well as avoiding readmissions and inadequate use of health services by stroke survivors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02807012 . Registered on 3 June 2016. Name: Nursing Home Care Intervention Post Stroke (SHARE).
Assuntos
Cuidadores/educação , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Serviços Hospitalares de Assistência Domiciliar , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos , Casas de Saúde , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral/métodos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Adaptação Psicológica , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Cuidadores/psicologia , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Visita Domiciliar , Humanos , Enfermeiros de Saúde Comunitária , Alta do Paciente , Qualidade de Vida , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/psicologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) é a doença cerebrovascular mais prevalente na população idosa e uma das principais causas de incapacidade funcional. A Escala de Capacidades do Prestador Informal de Cuidados de Idosos Dependentes por AVC (ECPICID-AVC), desenvolvida em Portugal, avalia 32 capacidades que cuidadores informais devem possuir para apoiar os idosos sobreviventes de AVC. O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar e validar a escala ECPICID-AVC para uso com cuidadores informais de pessoas idosas sobreviventes de AVC no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo metodológico dividido em duas etapas: adaptação transcultural e validação. A adaptação transcultural contou com as subetapas: Comitê de Especialistas, Pré- Teste e Submissão do documento aos autores do instrumento original. A validação envolveu coleta de dados e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas. A pesquisa foi realizada no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) e Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC). Para avaliação das propriedades psicométricas foram verificadas as características de fidedignidade e a validade dos resultados (validades de conteúdo e constructo). A consistência interna dos itens que compõem a escala foi investigada por meio do alfa de Cronbach e da Correlação Intraclasse (ICC). A validade de constructo foi avaliada pela análise fatorial exploratória. O projeto foi aprovado pelos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa do HCPA (n° 160580) e do GHC (nº 17152). Na etapa de adaptação transcultural, após as considerações do comitê de especialistas e a aprovação do autor da ECPICID-AVC, a versão pré-teste foi avaliada em uma amostra de 30 cuidadores e os termos considerados de menor entendimento foram adequados. A versão final da Escala de Capacidades do Cuidador Informal de Idosos Dependentes por AVC (ECCIID-AVC) foi aplicada a 160 cuidadores, sendo 82,5% mulheres com idade média de 49,6 ± 13,1 anos. A análise fatorial sugeriu a exclusão de três itens e o agrupamento dos demais em seis domínios, explicando 70,52% da variância total. Foram encontradas cargas fatoriais variando de 0,525 a 0,924. A consistência interna intra-avaliadores foi satisfatória, com coeficiente de correlação intraclasse de 0,94 (IC 95%). A confiabilidade total foi considerada excelente (alfa Cronbach = 0,914). Considera-se a escala adaptada e válida para uso no contexto brasileiro para aplicação na prática clínica e na pesquisa.
Stroke is the most prevalent cerebrovascular disease and one of the leading causes of functional disability in aged population. The Portuguese instrument for informal caregivers' skills providing care of aged people after a stroke (ECPICID-AVC) evaluates the capacities that informal caregivers must have for supporting aged stroke survivors. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the ECPICID-AVC for using with informal caregivers of older adult stroke survivors in Brazil. It is a methodological study divided in two stages: cross-cultural adaptation and validation. The cross-cultural adaptation was divided in sub-stages: Committee of Experts, Pre-Test and Submission of the document to the authors of the original instrument. Validation involved data collection and evaluation of psychometric properties. The research was carried out at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC). The reliability characteristics and the validity of the results (content and construct validities) were verified for evaluating psychometric properties. The internal consistency of the instrument items was investigated using the Cronbach's Alpha and the Intraclass Correlation (ICC). The construct validity was evaluated by the exploratory factorial analysis. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committees of HCPA (n° 160580) and GHC (nº 17152). After the considerations of the committee of Experts and the approval of the author of ECPICID-AVC, in the transcultural adaptation stage the pre-test version was evaluated in a sample of 30 caregivers and the terms considered of lesser understanding were adequate. The final version of the instrument was applied to 160 caregivers, 82.5% were women with a mean age of 49.6 ± 13.1 years. The factorial analysis suggested exclusion of three items and grouping of the others in six domains, explaining 70.52% of the total variance. Factorial loads ranging from 0.525 to 0.924 were found. Intra-rater internal consistency was satisfactory, with ICC = 0.94 (95% CI). Total reliability was considered excellent (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.914). The instrument is considered adapted and valided for using in the Brazilian context for application in clinical practice and research.
El Accidente Cerebrovascular (ACV) es la enfermedad cerebrovascular más prevalente en la población anciana y una de las principales causas de incapacidad funcional. La Escala de Capacidades del Proveedor Informal de Atención a los Ancianos Dependientes por ACV (ECPICID-AVC), desarrollada en Portugal, evalúa las 32 habilidades que los cuidadores informales deben tener para apoyar los ancianos sobrevivientes de accidentes cerebrovasculares. Así, este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar y validar del instrumento ECPICID-AVC para utilización con cuidadores informales de personas ancianas sobrevivientes de ACV en Brasil. Se trata de un estudio metodológico dividido en dos etapas: adaptación transcultural y validación. La adaptación transcultural contó con las subtepas: Comité de expertos, Pre-Prueba y Sumisión del documento a los autores del instrumento original. La validación incluyó la recolección de datos y la evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) y en el Grupo Hospitalario Conceição (GHC). Para evaluar las propiedades psicométricas, se verificaron las características de fiabilidad y la validez de los resultados (valideces de contenido y constructo).(Continua) La consistencia interna de los elementos que componen del instrumento se verificó por medio del alfa de Cronbach y de la Correlación Intraclasse (ICC, su acrónimo en inglés). La validez de constructo se evaluó por el análisis factorial exploratorio. El proyecto fue aprobado por los Comités de Ética en Investigación del HCPA (nº 160580) y del GHC (nº 17152). En la etapa de adaptación transcultural, después de las consideraciones del comité de expertos y la aprobación del autor del instrumento, la versión pre-prueba fue evaluada en una muestra de 30 cuidadores, y los términos considerados de menor comprensión fueron adecuados. La versión final del instrumento fue aplicada a 160 cuidadores, de los cuales el 82,5% eran mujeres, con edad promedio de 49,6 ± 13,1 años. El análisis factorial ha sugerido la exclusión de tres elementos y la agrupación de los demás en seis dominios, lo que explica el 70,52% de la varianza total. Se hallaron cargas factoriales variando de 0,525 a 0,924. La consistencia interna intra-evaluadores fue satisfactoria, con coeficiente de correlación intraclase de 0,94 (IC 95%). La fiabilidad total fue considerada excelente (alfa de Cronbach = 0,914). El instrumento se considera adaptado y válido para utilización en el contexto brasileño para aplicación en la práctica clínica y en la investigación.
